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Search for "KOUKOL O.": 16 articles found.
KOUKOL O., LUKÁČOVÁ K., BARAL H.-O. (2024): Phylogenetic placement of Sarcotrochila alpina, the hitherto unknown teleomorph of Rhabdocline laricis. [Meria laricis, Larix decidua, phylogeny, vital characteristics, ascospore morphology.] Czech Mycology 76(1): 17-32 (published: 23rd February, 2024)
abstract
Sarcotrochila alpina (type species of the genus Sarcotrochila) has long been known as a saprotroph colonising larch needles in litter. During a survey of mycobiota colonising needles in litter, we regularly observed apothecia of this species on larch needles cultivated in damp chambers, and isolated the fungus from its ascospores into culture. Analysis of ITS rDNA obtained from these cultures revealed a surprising connection to the anamorph-typified species Rhabdocline (= Meria) laricis, a weak pathogen of European larch. A new combination, Rhabdocline alpina, is proposed, reflecting their conspecificity and the priority of the epitheton alpina. A proposal to protect the much more often used generic name Rhabdocline against the older Sarcotrochila is planned. The morphology of the species in vital condition is presented, and for the two examined type specimens of Orbilia retrusa and Hyalinia nostra (both synonyms of R. alpina) in dead condition. A comparison of our findings with descriptions in the literature is presented.
KOUKOL O., MAGDALINOU E., PÁNKOVÁ H., BOROVIČKA J., MÜNZBERGOVÁ Z. (2022): Do microclimatic conditions in two forest types on serpentine bedrock affect culturable microfungi in pine litter needles? [fungal diversity, ITS rDNA, temperature and humidity, Pinus sylvestris.] Czech Mycology 74(2): 181-194 (published: 24th November, 2022)
abstract
Microfungi colonising coniferous needles in litter were intensively studied in previous decades, but forest stands on serpentine soils have been overlooked. Also, the effects of microclimatic conditions on fungal communities in coniferous litter are unknown. In our study, we aimed to characterise communities of culturable microfungi colonising pine litter needles collected from two types of Scots pine forest growing on serpentine bedrock, i.e. dense forest with relatively stable microclimatic conditions and open-canopy forest on exposed rock with highly variable conditions. The composition of their fungal communities was analysed in respect to microclimatic conditions at the collection sites. Using a combination of phenotypic and molecular data (sequences of ITS rDNA), 35 taxa were distinguished in 1078 fungal colonies recorded, out of which 25 were identified to the species level. Fungal communities were most affected by needle type (litter vs. fermentation layer) followed by maximum temperature during the previous five months. Interestingly, a higher number and abundance of species were recorded at the warmer site, in the open-canopy forest. Dominant fungi recorded in this study (Desmazierella acicola, Phacidium lacerum and Scleroconidioma sphagnicola) were mostly identical to those recorded in previous studies and the occurrence of less abundant taxa previously not recorded in pine litter suggests that the uppermost litter layer represents an important reservoir of fungal diversity.
KOUKOL O., MACIÁ-VICENTE J.G. (2022): Leptodophora gen. nov. (Helotiales, Leotiomycetes) proposed to accommodate selected root-associated members of the genus Cadophora. [asexual ascomycete, phylogenetic placement, Brassicaceae, conidiogenesis.] Czech Mycology 74(1): 57-66 (published: 15th March, 2022)
abstract
Cadophora orchidicola, a root-associated asexual species, did not have a clear placement within the paraphyletic genus Cadophora because it was not represented by sequences derived from the type material. Based on four newly obtained molecular marker sequences from the ex-type strain, a new genus, Leptodophora, is proposed, typified with C. orchidicola, as well as new combinations for three recently described and closely related species. In addition, a new species, Collembolispora disimilis, is proposed for a fungus producing phialidic conidiogenous cells and previously treated as Cadophora sp.
KOUKOL O., HALASŮ V., JANOŠÍK L., MLČOCH P., POLHORSKÝ A., ŠANDOVÁ M., ZÍBAROVÁ L. (2020): Citizen science facilitates phylogenetic placement of old species of non-lichenised Pezizomycotina based on newly collected material. [ITS rDNA barcode, phenotype, taxonomy, Dothideomycetes, Leotiomycetes, Sordariomycetes.] Czech Mycology 72(2): 263-280 (published: 16th December, 2020) Electronic supplement
abstract
During the informal Spring Micromyco 2019 meeting, we tested how newly obtained molecular barcodes of common or poorly known saprotrophic microfungi from more or less targeted collections may be useful for identification and taxonomic studies. Our aim was to obtain DNA sequences of fungi enabling their phylogenetic placement and routine identification in the future using molecular barcoding. As a result, DNA of four species was sequenced for the first time, among them Leptosphaeria acuta, for which a new synonym L. urticae is proposed. The new combination Koorchaloma melaloma is proposed for a species previously known as Volutella melaloma and its new synonym is K. europaea. This species is accommodated in the Stachybotryaceae. A detailed phenotypic description and phylogenetic placement are provided for Mytilinidion insulare, a resurrected species hitherto considered a later synonym of M. gemmigenum. Chalara insignis was placed in the Helotiales without any clear relationship to other members of this order. For another two helotialean species, a second referencing sequence was obtained. Our study showed that for some microfungi, due to the fundamental lack of molecular data, even a single molecular barcode may provide novel and important information on their phylogenetic and taxonomic placement. The results also illustrate that scientific progress can be made through collaboration between academic and amateur mycologists.
DELGADO G., KOUKOL O., HEREDIA G., PIEPENBRING M. (2020): Texas microfungi: Hermatomyces amphisporus (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) revisited. [anamorphic ascomycete, phylogenetic placement, saprobic, taxonomy, genotypic variability, Hermatomyces bauhiniae.] Czech Mycology 72(1): 95-107 (published: 22nd June, 2020)
abstract
The pleosporalean anamorph Hermatomyces amphisporus is recorded for the first time from the U.S.A. based on several specimens collected on Sabal minor (Arecaceae) during mycological surveys carried out in the state of Texas. Phylogenetic analyses of novel DNA sequence data belonging to four nuclear regions (ITS rDNA, EF1-α, RBP2, β-TUB) revealed its taxonomic position within the monotypic family Hermatomycetaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) in congruence with its morphological features. A description of the fungus in culture is provided here for the first time. Interestingly, apart from the lenticular conidia, also cylindrical conidia were formed together with chlamydosporous structures and pycnidia producing hyaline, nonseptate conidia. Further notes on the morphology on natural substrate, ecology and distribution in the U.S.A. and worldwide of this rare fungus are provided. The recently introduced species H. bauhiniae, which presents morphological characteristics different from the typical Hermatomyces spp., is found to be based on a confusing description, thus a different genus should be found to accommodate it.
KOUKOL O., HRABĚTOVÁ M., SRBA M., ČERNÝ K. (2018): Microthia nepenthis, a new combination for Zythia nepenthis [asexual morph, ITS, 28S and 18S rDNA, β-tubulin, Sordariomycetes, Cryphonectriaceae] Czech Mycology 70(1): 91-98 (published: 28th June, 2018)
abstract
A new combination is provided for Zythia nepenthis, a fungus repeatedly recorded on various Nepenthes plants in a greenhouse in Prague and successfully isolated from stem rot and conidial tendrils. Phenotypic data including host specificity matches the description of Z. nepenthis. Based on sequences of ITS rDNA and the gene for β-tubulin, this species was placed in Microthia, which corresponds with the generic concept of Microthia.
MATOUŠ J., HOLEC J., KOUKOL O. (2017): Ramariopsis robusta (Basidiomycota, Clavariaceae), a new European species similar to R. kunzei. [ramarioid fungi, clavarioid fungi, taxonomy, phylogeny, 28S rDNA, Central Europe] Czech Mycology 69(1): 51-64 (published: 12th May, 2017)
abstract
The new species Ramariopsis robusta Matouš & Holec is described based on collections from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The species is highly supported in a phylogenetic tree based on the 28S rDNA gene. Morphologically, it is distinguished by its robust and densely branched white to cream basidiomata often growing in fascicles, with wide, often flattened branches, and distinctly ornamented spores with up to 1.5 μm high spines. The most similar species R. kunzei differs by subtler, more sparsely branched basidiomata, lower spore ornamentation, smaller Q value and shorter basidia. The species is described in detail and figures showing its macro- and microcharacters are provided including SEM photographs of spores. Differences with the similar taxa R. kunzei (including its varieties), R. atlantica, R. bispora, R. tenuiramosa, R. biformis, R. rufipes and Clavaria lentofragilis are outlined. Ramariopsis atlantica is newly documented from Panama.
KOUKOL O., LOTZ-WINTER H. (2016): Secondary conidia observed in Bartheletia paradoxa. [ginkgo leaves, LSU and SSU rDNA, Agaricomycotina, Bartheletiaceae] Czech Mycology 68(1): 79-84 (published: 12th May, 2016)
abstract
Bartheletia paradoxa is an enigmatic microscopic basidiomycete restricted to leaves of ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) in litter. This species forms a basal lineage to Agaricomycotina and its life cycle and ultrastructure are unique among members of this subdivision. To date, it has been recorded mostly in the litter of ginkgos planted as ornamental trees in gardens and parks. In this paper we report new collections of this fungal species and also a new phenotypic phenomenon in its life cycle, i.e. the formation of secondary conidia. They are oval to ovoid, hyaline and are formed terminally on stalks growing out of the conidia. The function of these secondary conidia as actively discharged ballistoconidia is discussed. They are supposed to enhance either short- or long-range dispersal of B. paradoxa.
KAUTMANOVÁ I., MATOUŠ J., TOMŠOVSKÝ M., KOUKOL O. (2016): Redescription and epitypification of Clavaria atrofusca Velen. [Clavariaceae, taxonomy, LSU rDNA] Czech Mycology 68(1): 67-77 (published: 13th April, 2016)
abstract
Clavaria atrofusca was described by Velenovský in 1939 based on a single small collection from the Czech Republic. The species is rather rare and until 2009 it had further only been recorded from Switzerland and Denmark. Since 2009 it has also been collected in Norway, Sweden and in 2014 in the Czech Republic. Because the type locality at Mnichovice has been destroyed and the type collection is fragmentary, we propose an epitype of Clavaria atrofusca Velen. based on the recent collection from the Czech Republic, along with the notes on its ecology and distribution.
KOUKOL O., KUBÁTOVÁ A. (2015): New European records of basidiomycete Burgoa anomala from coniferous litter and sediment in underground tunnel. [ecophysiology, anamorphic Agaricomycotina, Cantharellales, Sistotrema] Czech Mycology 67(2): 241-247 (published: 6th November, 2015)
abstract
Burgoa anomala is a peculiar microscopic basidiomycete not forming any basidiocarps in its life cycle, but producing conspicuous multicellular structures (bulbils) and clamp connections on its mycelium. So far, this saprotroph has sporadically been found mainly on different woody substrates but the overall knowledge of its ecology and distribution is yet sparse due to its rarity. Our records from pine needle litter and sediment in an underground tunnel are only the second and third finds in Europe and the first from these habitats. The identification of this fungus was based on a combination of phenotypic and molecular (ITS rDNA sequence) data. Morphological characteristics and data on its growth between 5–30 °C on selected agar media are presented and discussed.
KOUKOL O., KOTLABA F., POUZAR Z. (2014): Taxonomic evaluation of the polypore Daedaleopsis tricolor based on morphology and molecular data. [morphological species concept, ITS rDNA, RPB2, TEF, Polyporales, Daedaleopsis] Czech Mycology 66(2): 107-119 (published: 23rd December, 2014)
abstract
Daedaleopsis tricolor and D. confragosa were formerly treated either as separate species or as conspecific. D. tricolor may be recognised by the presence of a lamellate hymenophore and mostly dark pileus surface with small network of grains, but its separate status is not supported by its micromorphology. Occurrence of intermediate forms contributes to uncertainty in species delimitation. Although this problem has been known for many years, no study has yet been aimed at a thorough study of both morphological and molecular data. In the present study, we analysed sequences of ITS rDNA, RPB2 and TEF of several typical specimens of D. tricolor and D. confragosa sampled in the Czech Republic in recent years, two specimens of the supposedly closely related D. septentrionalis, and available sequences from GenBank. Our data show that no studied DNA region supports separation of D. tricolor and D. confragosa as distinct species and that D. septentrionalis is supported as a distinct species according to the ITS rDNA and RPB2 genes. We therefore incline to treat D. tricolor as a variety of D. confragosa. Thorough revision of all species hitherto described in Daedaleopsis including Asian species of uncertain identity is recommended.
KOUKOL O. (2012): A new species of Rhexoampullifera (Pezizomycotina) from a rotten broadleaved trunk. [Ascomycota, hyphomycetes, polar cells, rhexolytic secession, Ampulliferina, Czech Republic] Czech Mycology 64(1): 73-78 (published: 2nd July, 2012)
abstract
A new species of Rhexoampullifera (Pezizomycotina inc. sed.) found on a rotten broadleaved trunk is described as R. moravica Koukol sp. nov. The fungus forms chains of 0–6-septate dark brown conidia seceding rhexolytically, which are characteristic of the genus Rhexoampullifera. It differs from the morphologically most similar R. fagi by narrower and longer conidia and absence of a single separating cell. The separation of conidia is unequal in R. moravica: one conidium remains with a rim only, whilst the adjacent one possesses a septum and a rim.
KOUKOL O. (2011): Early spring mycobiota of pine litter needles. [fungal diversity, fungal communities, microfungi, Pinus sylvestris] Czech Mycology 63(2): 153-161 (published: 10th August, 2011)
abstract
Rise in air temperature accompanied by snow-melting in early spring may affect fungi colonising litter needles. This study dealt with the diversity of communities of culturable microfungi colonising Scots pine litter at localities still covered by snow and after snowmelt. Surface-sterilised needles were cultivated on malt agar under two temperature regimes (8/9 and 15/16 °C) and outgrowing fungi were isolated into pure cultures and identified based on morphology and analysis of ITS and partial 28S rDNA regions. Thirty-one fungal species were isolated in total. Dominant colonisers with a colonisation frequency of over 10 % included Verticicladium trifidum, Ceuthospora pinastri, Sympodiella acicola and an unidentified member of Helotiales. Two basidiomycetes, Marasmius androsaceus and Mycena galopus, were also isolated relatively frequently from needles with snow cover, but under different temperature regimes. This preference for different temperatures reflects different niches that these species occupy in coniferous litter. Species richness was significantly higher on needles cultivated at lower temperatures. Widespread use of room temperature for cultivation of samples even from cold seasons may underestimate fungal diversity.
KUBÁTOVÁ A., KOUKOL O., NOVÁKOVÁ A. (2011): Geomyces destructans, phenotypic features of some Czech isolates. [white-nose syndrome, bat disease, Geomyces, Myxotrichaceae, Ascomycota] Czech Mycology 63(1): 65-75 (published: 10th August, 2011)
abstract
The microscopic fungus Geomyces destructans is a psychrophilic dermatophyte causing since 2006 a serious bat disease in North America called white-nose syndrome (WNS). In Europe, G. destructans has also been recorded, however less commonly and without striking lethal effects. Currently, seven isolates of G. destructans isolated from greater mouse-eared bat (Myotis myotis) from four localities are maintained in the Culture Collection of Fungi (CCF) in Prague. Growth tests at 12 and 15 °C on eight agar media demonstrated that the fungus grows somewhat faster at 12 °C than at 15 °C. Good growth was observed on nutrient rich media. No further isolates of G. destructans were recovered during screening of bat-associated environments.
KOUKOL O. (2009): Geographical distribution of Scleroconidioma sphagnicola in coniferous forests in Europe and Canada. [Ascomycota, Larix decidua, Pinus spp., Picea spp., litter needles] Czech Mycology 61(1): 117-124 (published: 29th September, 2009)
abstract
The distribution of the dematiaceous microfungus Scleroconidioma sphagnicola in coniferous litter in Europe and Canada was assessed using a culture-dependent approach. Needles of various coniferous species were sampled between May and November of 2008. Twenty needles from each sample were cultivated on 2° malt agar after surface sterilisation with 30 % hydrogen peroxide. The formed mycelia were identified based on their morphology. The identifications were further confirmed by analyses of ITS rDNA. S. sphagnicola was recorded at 8 of the 53 sites. The highest abundance of S. sphagnicola was recorded in mountain areas of the Czech Republic. Further records of S. sphagnicola were acquired from the literature and the GenBank database. S. sphagnicola does not seem to be a ubiquitous coloniser of coniferous litter. However, this study showed that this fungus is found in various regions and the data obtained may serve to make an evaluation of the potential spread of S. sphagnicola.
KOUKOL O., KOVÁŘOVÁ M. (2007): Autecology of Scleroconidioma sphagnicola particularly in Šumava National Park (Czech Republic). [Scleroconidioma sphagnicola, Dothideales, microsclerotia, coniferous litter, Sphagnum] Czech Mycology 59(1): 111-123 (published: 28th June, 2007)
abstract
The anamorphic fungal species Scleroconidioma sphagnicola was repeatedly isolated from spruce and pine litter needles in Šumava National Park. The morphology of thirteen strains of this fungal species was compared; oxidative enzymes and possible parasitism on Sphagnum in vitro were tested. Our results showed that all of the strains differed from the original description in only one characteristic – microsclerotia lacked conidiogenous cells on their surface. All strains produced laccase and peroxidase, eleven strains produced polyphenol oxidases. Inoculation of Sphagnum species resulted in only negligible colonisation. We suppose that Scleroconidioma sphagnicola in the studied area does not parasite on Sphagnum. This conclusion is supported by the fact that strains of Scleroconidioma sphagnicola were isolated from needles lying among Sphagnum, but no diseased plants were found.Results of our previous experiments with Scleroconidioma sphagnicola dealing with decomposition of spruce litter needles and competition with other fungal species are summarised.
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